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In linguistic typology, subject–verb–object (SVO) is a sentence structure where the subject comes first, the verb second, and the object third. Languages may be classified according to the dominant sequence of these elements. The label is often used for ergative languages which do not have subjects, but have an agent–verb–object order. SVO is the most common order by number of speakers, and the second most common order by number of known languages, after SOV. Together, SVO and SOV account for more than 75% of the world's languages. It is also the most common order developed in Creole languages, suggesting that it may be somehow more initially 'obvious' to human psychology.〔Diamond, Jared. ''The Rise and Fall of the Third Chimpanzee''. p. 143〕 Languages regarded as SVO include: Albanian, Arabic, Assyrian (VSO and VOS are also followed, depending on the person), Berber, Bulgarian, Chinese, English, Estonian, Filipino, Finnish (but see below), French, Kurdish, Ganda, Greek, Hausa, Modern Hebrew, Icelandic (with the V2 restriction), Italian, Javanese, Kashmiri, Khmer, Latvian (but SOV if the object is a pronoun), Macedonian, Polish, Kashubian, Portuguese, Quiche, Romanian, Rotuman, Russian (but see below), Serbo-Croatian, Spanish, Swahili, Thai, Vietnamese, Yoruba and Zulu. The Romance languages generally follow the SVO pattern, except for certain constructions in many of them in which a pronoun functions as the object (for example, French: ''je t'aime'', Italian: ''(io) ti amo'' or Spanish: ''(yo) te amo'', all meaning "I ''you'' love" in English). All of the Scandinavian languages follow this order as well but change to VSO when asking a question. Arabic and Hebrew will occasionally use an SVO pattern with sentences with subject pronouns (for example, Arabic أنا أحبك, Hebrew: אני אוהב אותך, lit. "I love you."). However, the subject pronouns here are grammatically unnecessary and most other constructions suggest that both languages are VSO languages at their core, but Modern Hebrew generally uses SVO construction as well as the modern varieties of Arabic. Other SVO languages, such as English, can use an OSV structure on occasion in certain literary styles such as poetry. ==Properties== Subject–verb–object languages almost always place relative clauses after the nouns they modify and adverbial subordinators before the clause modified, with varieties of Chinese being notable exceptions. Although some subject–verb–object languages in West Africa, the best known being Ewe, use postpositions in noun phrases, the vast majority of them have prepositions as in English. Most subject–verb–object languages place genitives after the noun, but a significant minority, including the postpositional SVO languages of West Africa, the Hmong–Mien languages, some Sino-Tibetan languages, and European languages such as Swedish, Danish, Lithuanian and Latvian, have ''prenominal'' genitives〔(Order of Genitive and Noun )〕 (as would be expected in a SOV language). Outside Europe, subject–verb–object languages have a strong tendency to place adjectives, demonstratives and numerals ''after'' the noun they modify, but Chinese, Vietnamese, Indonesian, and Malay place numerals before nouns, as in English. Some linguists have come to view the numeral as the head in this relationship to fit the rigid right-branching of these languages.〔Donohue, Mark; "Word order in Austronesian from north to south and west to east" in ''Linguistic Typology'' 11 (2007); p. 379〕 There is a strong tendency for SO languages to have auxiliaries precede main verbs: I am thinking. He should reconsider. Etc. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Subject–verb–object」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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